STUDO OF IRON IN bIBLE, BY PASI K POHJALA , JULY 2013, PART OF BOOK VERRE ET BIBLE 16 BY PASI K POHJALA.

DEAR READERS, NOW IS HERE PUBLISHED IN THIS BLOS IN TITLE "STUDY OF IRON IN BIBLE" TODAY JULY 04, 2013, THE NEW BOOK VERRE ET BIBLE 16, WRITTEN BY PASI K POHJALA. THE BOOK IS OF 48 PAGES AND THE BOOK IS ACADEMIC STUDY OF METALWORKING IN BIBLE, IRON, EARLY ISRAELITE IRON AGE, AND MUCH MORE...LEARNING THAT IN EARLIY ISRAELITE IRON AGE MANY ARABIC METALSMITHS WERE THERE SETTLED AND ACTIVE, AND TRADE ROUTE TO MEDITERRANEAN COAST WAS STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT!! Famous site in Palestine is the Beersheba, thus usually pronounced (and motivating the currently usual rendering of seven-spring); but pronouncing the name in form Bursheba easily emphasises reference to Burj-Sheba, the Fortress of SHEBA. Beersheba is very importantly located in Palestine, along important ancient trade route leading to Mediterranean coast. Amidst the current study we are finding many references in Biblical descriptions of ancient Palestine concerning forts and settlements of SHEBA in Palestine, apparently in order to secure the reaching to Mediterranean coast of Oriental trade routes of empire of SHEBA. Apparently Beersheba is one important such fort. Ancient iron working in Beersheba region is famous and attested in archaeology; numerous archaeological excavations have been in Beersheba done. In recent archaeological research, e.g. Singer-Avitz (1999) has emphasised that Beersheba indeed had important role of South Arabia trade, the Beersheba was along that trade route a gateway community; and he discusses much of the relevant archaeological evidence there found. Importantly, I. Finkelstein recently discusses the role of Beersheba located along such very important ancient trade route. Comparing some historical developments, these times after 950BC are in Palestine later times of their early Iron Age, times of Judges and developments towards monarchy begun by YEMENITE-ARAB KING SAUL THE FIRST MONARCH OF ISRAEL (Bible records that king Saul was of tribe of Benjamin, that is, king Saul was YEMENITE-ARAB (e.g. 1 Samuel 9 and 10:20ff). The monarchy in Israel was begun by the YEMENITE-ARAB king Saul, so the Bible tells. Ancient names of monarchs often referred to the deity of their realm, in Israel often thus names including –JAH or –JAHU. This is of course important information of main tenets of religion of certain ancient realm in the time of reign of certain monarch. But the name of Saul rather sounds including reference to deity –EL or –ELH; Readers thus may seriously contemplate what such reference might mean with regard to that king Saul was from YEMENITE ARABS there living in Palestine; Islam is religion of worship of Allah. After king Saul, the king David was anointed, recorded in 1 Samuel 16; importantly, David was son of Jesse of Bethlehem; 1 Sam 17:12 tells that David was the son of a certain Ephrathithe of Bethlehem in Judah whose name was Jesse (Tanakh) (and see also Judges 19 concerning Bethlehem). The areas of tribes of Benjamin and Judah are basically besides and thus ethnically much connected; e.g. Judges 3:15ff records victory by Benjaminite EHUD who made sword and gained victory- this history is of YEMENITE ARAB (Benjaminite) metalsmith EHUD. Important detail of manuscripts is also the name of JESSE, in consonantal text of Hebrew Bible written Jod, Sin and Jod. But during the progress of traditions, we should consider quite similar Hebrew name JSJ written with Jod, Samekh and Jod, and this name is in Manuscript traditions easily confounded with Jod, Mem, Jod or JMJ; and name BENJAMIN is written usually BNJMN, some times BNJMJN. Continuing such “Bibilical logic” we write son of JMJ with BNJMJ- and this is notoriously similar with Hebrew writing of name BNJMN or Benjamin. Shortly stated, currently we talk of king David son of JESSE of Bethlehem. But behind this name JESSE may well be original Hebrew consonants name JMJ (e.g. JEMMI, or “JEMNI”) written early with consonant Mem: thus early traditions can have known of David BEN-JEMMI or David BEN-JEMN, David of Yemenite group. But these consonants JMJ of this name could easily be early confounded with consonants JSJ written with Samekh letter and thus easily confounded with name JESSE. In early Manuscripts letters S Samekh and M Mem often thus are quite similarly written. And later editing may have concealed these remarkable questions by writing the JSJ name not with Samekh that is easily with Mem confounded, but with letter Sin that cannot be confounded with Mem; e.g. in the proceedings of Rabbinical tradition and much emphasising the ideal King David, there understandably can have been many reasons to conceal YEMENITE origins of such popular king David by writing such small editorial trick of change of S letter Sin to S letter Samekh. Such early editing process can well be great attempt to conceal that also the more popular king David was of ethnical YEMENITE origin, BEN-JEMENI. Prophet Samuel was born in Ramathain Zuphin (1 Sam 1:1) that well can include reference to one Palestinian fort of SHEBA and their clever seers. First king Saul was of YEMENITE origin, Benyemeni, and also his successor the popular and ideal king David, son of “JESSE” may well have been originally known as YEMENI, JMJ and BNJMJ. The third king of Israel is Solomon, son of David and his wife Bathsheba (e.g. 2 Samuel 12 and I Kings 1). Importantly, the name of Bathsheba means “daughter of SHEBA” and this emphasises that her origins are of “SHEBA”. And the 1 Kings 10 tells of the notorious history that QUEEN OF SHEBA visited king Solomon. This chapter in whole Bible is one especially descriptive of pomp, glory and overwhelming prosperity. We thus understand that actually we here are reading of events of the glorious and mystical kingdom of SHEBA. The kingdom of SHEBA is ancient glorious kingdom in Southern Arabia, that is, of the areas of YEMEN. Let us well remember that also regions of Mecca and Medina are “approximately there”, especially in ancient geography. But YEMENITES, or “those from Southern Arabia” are importantly represented among the “tribes” of Israel, or the “ethnic groups” of Israel: many important towns were of YEMENITES, or “Benjaminites”. Saul the first king of Israel was of YEMENITE ethnos, Benjaminite. And the ideal king David was son of “JESSE” that probably conceals that he actually was also BENJAMINITE, thus also king David probably was of YEMENI ethnos. King David was succeeded in the throne by king Solomon, the son of David with his wife BATHSHEBA, or Daughter of SHEBA. And 1 Kings 10 tells of visit of Queen of SHEBA to this king Solomon. Apparently we recognise here histories how the realm of ancient Arabic kingdom of SHEBA was establishing also near to Mediterranean coast stronghold in Judah-Israel, especially for securing trade routes to Mediterranean coast. Thus are quite understandable histories of YEMENITE settlement there and first Israelite king been Yemenite king Saul, probably also king David was of Yemeni ethnos. King Solomon was son of BATSHEBA “Daughter of SHEBA” and then Queen of SHEBA visited king Solomon. And already much earlier the famous and important fort of Beersheba, or Bursheba/Burj-Sheba (Fortress of SHEBA) was at strategic site, along the important Oriental trade route leading to Mediterranean coast. With these notices we have arrived to comprehending that early Israelite monarchy of Saul, David and Solomon was apparently local monarchy of important area belonging to realm of empire of ancient SHEBA, the Israelite forts of SHEBA aiming at fortifying continuously their Oriental trade routes to Mediterranean coastal line.